威威老師的文法特快車：副詞子句與連接詞 (Adverb Clauses)
哈囉各位同學！我是威威老師。
來，比較這兩種寫法：
A: "I won't go. He doesn't come." B: "I won't go unless he comes."
A 用兩句話表達；B 用「unless」一字串連兩個邏輯——更精煉、更英文！
副詞子句 (Adverb Clause) 就是英文寫作的「邏輯連接器」——用 when, because, although, if, so that 等連接詞，精準表達時間、原因、條件、讓步、目的等關係。
學測作文寫不好？很多時候是連接詞用錯！「Although...but」「Because...so」這些 Top 3 中文母語錯誤，全部源自副詞子句的混亂。
今天威威老師帶你拆解 7 種副詞子句——把英文的邏輯關係徹底搞清！
繫好安全帶 🚂
課前快問 (Pre-Quiz)
- ____ he passed the exam made his parents proud.（What / That）
- I have no idea ____ she went after school.（that / where）
- It is essential ____ every student understands the rules.（that / what）
解答：
- That — 名詞子句當主詞。
- where — 名詞子句（同位語）。
- that — It is + adj + that 子句。
一、副詞子句的 7 種功能
副詞子句 (Adverb Clause) = 完整子句（有 S + V），整體當副詞用。
| 功能 | 回答問題 | 連接詞 |
|---|---|---|
| 時間 | When? | when, while, before, after, until, as soon as |
| 原因 | Why? | because, since, as, now that |
| 條件 | Under what condition? | if, unless, as long as, in case |
| 讓步 | Despite what? | although, though, even though, even if |
| 目的 | For what purpose? | so that, in order that |
| 結果 | With what result? | so...that, such...that |
| 地方/方式 | Where? How? | where, wherever, as, as if |
💡 威威核心：副詞子句 = 「句子的邏輯黏合劑」——把兩個獨立的事件用邏輯關係黏起來。
二、時間副詞子句 — When, While, Before, After...
| 連接詞 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| when | 當...時 | When I arrived, he was sleeping. |
| while | 在...期間 | While I was reading, the phone rang. |
| before | 在...之前 | Finish it before you leave. |
| after | 在...之後 | After he ate, he went out. |
| until / till | 直到 | Wait until I come back. |
| since | 自從 | I've lived here since I was born. |
| as | 當/一邊 | As I was walking, it started to rain. |
| as soon as | 一...就 | As soon as I heard, I called him. |
| the moment | 一...就 | The moment I saw her, I fell in love. |
| once | 一旦 | Once you learn it, you'll never forget. |
| by the time | 等到...時 | By the time I arrived, the party was over. |
2-1 必考規則：時間/條件子句中未來式用現在式代替！
| 中文 | 錯 ❌ | 對 ✓ |
|---|---|---|
| 當我到的時候 | when I will arrive | when I arrive |
| 在你離開之前 | before you will leave | before you leave |
| 如果明天下雨 | if it will rain | if it rains |
2-2 by the time 特殊規則
by the time + 過去式 → 主要子句用過去完成式 (had + V-pp)！
例：By the time I arrived, the party had ended.
時間副詞子句即時練習（5 題）
1. Choose: I will call you as soon as I ______ at the hotel. (A) will arrive (B) arrive (C) arrived (D) arriving
2. Choose: ______ I was walking home, I ran into an old friend. (A) While (B) Because (C) Unless (D) Although
3. Choose: By the time we got to the station, the train ______. (A) leaves (B) left (C) had left (D) has left
4. Translate: 「等他到的時候，會議已經結束了。」(Use by the time + 過去完成)
5. 改錯：When I will see her, I will tell her the news.
寫好答案再往下看 👇
解答與詳解
第 1 題：(B) arrive — 時間子句不用 will（用現在式代替未來式）。
第 2 題：(A) While — 持續動作 → while。
第 3 題：(C) had left — by the time + 過去式 → 主句過去完成。
第 4 題：By the time he arrived, the meeting had ended.
第 5 題：will see → see — ✅ When I see her, I will tell her the news.（時間子句不用 will）
三、原因副詞子句 — Because, Since, As
| 連接詞 | 意思 | 強度 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| because | 因為 | 最強 | Because it rained, we stayed home. |
| since | 既然 | 中等 | Since you're tired, you should rest. |
| as | 因為 | 較弱 | As it was late, we left. |
| now that | 既然（口語） | 中等 | Now that you're here, let's start. |
3-1 because vs. since vs. as 的差別
| because | since/as | |
|---|---|---|
| 強度 | 強，直接說明原因 | 弱，暗示原因已知 |
| 回答 Why? | ✓ 可直接回答 | ✗ 不太合適 |
| 新資訊？ | 提供新原因 | 對方可能已知 |
3-2 學測 Top 3 錯誤：因果連接詞不共存！
❌ Because ... so ... → 中文「因為...所以...」直譯，英文錯！ ✅ Because... → 不加 so ✅ ..., so ... → 不加 because
| 錯 ❌ | 對 ✓ |
|---|---|
| Because he was sick, so he didn't come. | Because he was sick, he didn't come. |
| Because he was sick, so he didn't come. | He was sick, so he didn't come. |
原因副詞子句即時練習（5 題）
1. Choose: ______ it rained heavily, we decided to cancel the picnic. (A) Because (B) So (C) But (D) Although
2. 改錯：Because she was sick, so she didn't go to school.
3. Translate: 「既然你來了，讓我們開始吧。」(Use Now that)
4. Choose: ______ everyone is here, let's begin the meeting. (A) Although (B) Since (C) If (D) When
5. 改錯：Because he passed the exam, so his parents were happy.
寫好答案再往下看 👇
解答與詳解
第 1 題：(A) Because — 因果關係 → Because。
第 2 題：刪除 so 或 Because — ✅ Because she was sick, she didn't go.（或刪 Because，留 so）
第 3 題：Now that you're here, let's begin.
第 4 題：(B) Since — 「既然」→ Since（暗示對方已知）。
第 5 題：刪除 so — ✅ Because he passed the exam, his parents were happy.
四、條件副詞子句 — If, Unless, As long as
| 連接詞 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| if | 如果 | If it rains, I'll stay home. |
| unless | 除非（= if not） | Unless you hurry, you'll be late. |
| as long as | 只要 | As long as you try, you'll succeed. |
| so long as | 只要 | So long as you're happy, I'm happy. |
| provided (that) | 假如/條件是 | Provided that you study, you'll pass. |
| in case | 萬一 | Take an umbrella in case it rains. |
| on condition that | 條件是 | I'll help on condition that you keep it secret. |
4-1 unless = if not
🎯 看到 unless → 腦中轉成 if...not 就懂了！
| 例句 | 還原 |
|---|---|
| Unless you hurry, you'll be late. | If you don't hurry... |
| Unless he agrees, we won't go. | If he doesn't agree... |
4-2 條件子句中未來式用現在式代替！
❌ if it will rain → ✅ if it rains ❌ in case it will rain → ✅ in case it rains
條件副詞子句即時練習（5 題）
1. Choose: ______ you hurry, you'll miss the train. (A) If (B) Unless (C) Because (D) When
2. Choose: Take your phone ______ you need to make an emergency call. (A) because (B) although (C) in case (D) unless
3. Translate: 「除非你道歉，否則我不原諒你。」(Use Unless)
4. Choose: I won't go to the party ______ you come with me. (A) if (B) unless (C) because (D) although
5. 改錯：If it will rain tomorrow, the game will be canceled.
寫好答案再往下看 👇
解答與詳解
第 1 題：(B) Unless — 「除非」= if not。
第 2 題：(C) in case — 「萬一...的話」。
第 3 題：Unless you apologize, I won't forgive you.
第 4 題：(B) unless — 「除非你跟我來」→ unless。
第 5 題：will rain → rains — ✅ If it rains tomorrow...（條件子句不用 will）
五、讓步副詞子句 — Although, Even though, Even if
| 連接詞 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| although | 雖然 | Although he is rich, he is not happy. |
| though | 雖然 | Though tired, she kept going. |
| even though | 即使（事實） | Even though it was late, he kept working. |
| even if | 即使（假設） | Even if you apologize, I won't forgive you. |
| while | 雖然（句首對比） | While I understand, I disagree. |
| whereas | 然而（對比） | He is tall, whereas his brother is short. |
5-1 even though vs. even if
| even though | even if | |
|---|---|---|
| 語感 | 已知的事實 | 未知的假設 |
| 例句 | Even though he is sick, he goes to school.（真的生病） | Even if he is sick, he will still go.（假設生病） |
5-2 學測 Top 1 錯誤：although/but 不共存！
❌ Although ... but ... → 中文「雖然...但是...」直譯，英文錯！
| 錯 ❌ | 對 ✓ |
|---|---|
| Although he is poor, but he is happy. | Although he is poor, he is happy. |
| Although he is poor, but he is happy. | He is poor, but he is happy. |
5-3 No matter + Wh- 和 Wh-ever
| 句型 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| No matter what | No matter what you say, I won't change my mind. |
| No matter where | No matter where you go, I'll follow. |
| No matter how | No matter how hard it is, don't give up. |
| Whatever | Whatever you do, do your best. |
| Whoever | Whoever wins, it'll be a good game. |
| Wherever | Wherever you go, I'll be there. |
💎 No matter what = Whatever — 兩者意思相同，可互換！
讓步副詞子句即時練習（5 題）
1. Choose: ______ he is only twelve, he speaks three languages. (A) Because (B) So (C) Although (D) If
2. 改錯：Although he is poor, but he is happy.
3. Choose: ______ hard he tries, he never seems to succeed. (A) No matter what (B) No matter how (C) No matter when (D) No matter who
4. Translate: 「即使你道歉，我也不會原諒你。」(Use Even if)
5. Choose: He is tall, ______ his brother is short. (A) although (B) because (C) whereas (D) when
寫好答案再往下看 👇
解答與詳解
第 1 題：(C) Although — 讓步關係。
第 2 題：刪除 but — ✅ Although he is poor, he is happy.
第 3 題：(B) No matter how — 「無論多麼...」→ No matter how + adj/adv。
第 4 題：Even if you apologize, I won't forgive you.
第 5 題：(C) whereas — 對比 → whereas。
六、目的/結果副詞子句
6-1 目的：so that / in order that
後面接「以便/為了」的子句：
| 例句 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| Speak louder so that everyone can hear. | 說大聲一點，以便大家聽到。 |
| He left early in order that he could catch the train. | 他早出門為了能趕上火車。 |
6-2 結果：so...that / such...that
| 結構 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| so + adj/adv + that | He was so tired that he fell asleep. |
| such + (a/an) + adj + N + that | It was such a good movie that I watched it twice. |
| so + many/much/few/little + N + that | There were so many people that we couldn't move. |
6-3 so vs. such
| so | such | |
|---|---|---|
| 後接 | adj./adv.（沒名詞） | (a/an) + adj. + N |
| 例外 | many/much/few/little + N | — |
| 錯誤 | so a difficult test ❌ | such difficult ❌ |
| 正確 | so difficult ✓ | such a difficult test ✓ |
目的/結果即時練習（5 題）
1. Choose: He was ______ tired ______ he fell asleep during the movie. (A) such...that (B) so...that (C) too...to (D) very...that
2. Choose: It was ______ a difficult problem ______ nobody could solve it. (A) so...that (B) such...that (C) too...that (D) very...that
3. Choose: He spent ______ money on clothes ______ he couldn't pay rent. (A) so much...that (B) such much...that (C) so many...that (D) such many...that
4. Choose: He locked the door ______ no one could enter. (A) so that (B) although (C) unless (D) because of
5. Translate: 「他這麼努力以至於通過了考試。」(Use so + adj + that)
寫好答案再往下看 👇
解答與詳解
第 1 題：(B) so...that — tired 是形容詞 → so + adj + that。
第 2 題：(B) such...that — a difficult problem 是「形容詞 + 名詞」→ such。
第 3 題：(A) so much...that — money 不可數 → so much + N。
第 4 題：(A) so that — 目的 → so that + S + V。
第 5 題：He was so hardworking that he passed the exam. — 也可說：He worked so hard that he passed the exam.
七、地方/方式副詞子句
7-1 地方：where / wherever
| 例句 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| Where there is a will, there is a way. | 有志者事竟成。 |
| Wherever he goes, he makes friends. | 無論他去哪裡，都能交到朋友。 |
7-2 方式：as / as if / as though
| 連接詞 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| as | 如同/按照 | Do as I say, not as I do. |
| as if / as though | 彷彿/好像 | He acts as if he were the boss. |
7-3 as if + 虛擬語氣
當 as if 描述與事實相反的情況 → 用虛擬語氣（were 不用 was）！
例：He talks as if he were a doctor.（事實上他不是）
地方/方式即時練習（5 題）
1. Choose: ______ you go, I will follow. (A) Whoever (B) Wherever (C) Whenever (D) Whatever
2. Choose: She speaks English ______ she were a native speaker. (A) even though (B) as if (C) because (D) unless
3. Translate: 「有志者事竟成。」(Use Where there is a will)
4. Choose: Please follow the instructions ______ they are written. (A) although (B) because (C) as (D) so that
5. 改錯：He acts as if he was rich.（事實他不富）
寫好答案再往下看 👇
解答與詳解
第 1 題：(B) Wherever — 「無論去哪裡」→ Wherever。
第 2 題：(B) as if — as if + 虛擬語氣。
第 3 題：Where there is a will, there is a way.
第 4 題：(C) as — 「按照」→ as。
第 5 題：was → were — ✅ He acts as if he were rich.（虛擬，不分人稱用 were）
八、考試陷阱大整理
陷阱 1：because/so 不共存；although/but 不共存
中文「因為...所以...」「雖然...但是...」直譯到英文 → 大錯！
陷阱 2：時間/條件子句中未來式用現在式
when/before/after/if/unless + 不用 will
陷阱 3：so vs. such
so + adj/adv + that；such + (a/an) + adj + N + that
陷阱 4：unless = if not
陷阱 5：by the time + 過去式 → 主句過去完成
陷阱 6：as if + 虛擬語氣（與事實相反用 were）
章末總測驗 (Chapter Test) — 30 題
基礎題 (1-10)
1. ______ it rained heavily, we decided to cancel the picnic. (A) Because (B) So (C) But (D) Although
2. I will call you as soon as I ______ at the hotel. (A) will arrive (B) arrive (C) arrived (D) arriving
3. ______ he is only twelve, he can speak three languages. (A) Because (B) So (C) Although (D) If
4. He was ______ tired ______ he fell asleep. (A) such...that (B) so...that (C) too...to (D) enough...that
5. ______ you hurry, you will miss the train. (A) If (B) Unless (C) Because (D) When
6. ______ I was walking home, I ran into an old friend. (A) While (B) Because (C) Unless (D) Although
7. Take your phone ______ you need to make an emergency call. (A) because (B) although (C) in case (D) unless
8. She speaks English ______ she were a native speaker. (A) even though (B) as if (C) because (D) unless
9. ______ hard he tries, he never seems to succeed. (A) No matter what (B) No matter how (C) No matter when (D) No matter who
10. By the time we got to the station, the train ______. (A) leaves (B) left (C) had left (D) has left
進階題 (11-20)
11. ______ the weather was terrible, we still enjoyed the trip. (A) Because (B) Since (C) Even though (D) If
12. He had never been abroad ______ he joined the company. (A) when (B) until (C) while (D) as
13. It was ______ a difficult problem ______ nobody could solve it. (A) so...that (B) such...that (C) too...that (D) very...that
14. I won't go ______ you come with me. (A) if (B) unless (C) because (D) although
15. ______ you have finished your homework, you can go out to play. (A) Until (B) Now that (C) Although (D) Unless
16. ______ happens, don't panic. Stay calm. (A) No matter what (B) No matter how (C) Whatever it (D) Whenever
17. ______ he had studied for months, he still failed. (A) Because (B) Since (C) Even though (D) If
18. The book was written in ______ simple language ______ everyone could understand. (A) so...that (B) such...that (C) too...to (D) enough...that
19. We will wait here ______ the manager comes back. (A) when (B) until (C) while (D) as
20. He locked the door ______ no one could enter. (A) so that (B) although (C) unless (D) because of
挑戰題 (21-30)
21. Choose the correct sentence: (A) Because she was sick, so she stayed home. (B) Although she was sick, but she went to school. (C) She was sick, but she still went to school. (D) Because she was sick, but she went to school.
22. ______ the earthquake struck, everyone ______ outside the building. (A) By the time / had already gone (B) By the time / already went (C) When / have already gone (D) Until / had already gone
23. He spent ______ money ______ he couldn't pay his rent. (A) so much / that (B) such much / that (C) so many / that (D) such many / that
24. ______ you go, I will always support you. (A) No matter where (B) No matter when (C) However (D) Even though
25. I have been living in Taipei ______ I was born. (A) when (B) while (C) since (D) until
26. Translate three sentences: (a) 「雖然他很累，但他還是去工作。」(Use Although + 不加 but) (b) 「除非你早起，否則你會遲到。」(Use Unless) (c) 「她說話好像她什麼都知道。」(Use as if + were)
27. Find errors: (a) "Because he studied hard, so he passed." (b) "Although she is rich, but she is unhappy." (c) "If it will rain tomorrow, we'll stay home." (d) "By the time he arrived, the meeting ended."
28. Choose all correct: (A) Even though he is poor, he is happy. (B) Even though he is poor, but he is happy. (C) Because of he is poor, he can't afford a car. (D) Despite being poor, he is happy.
29. Translate: (a) 「等我到家時，太陽已經下山了。」(Use By the time + had + V-pp) (b) 「他這麼累以至於睡著了。」(Use so + adj + that) (c) 「無論你做什麼，請小心。」(Use Whatever / No matter what)
30. Terminal challenge—rewrite fixing all errors: "Because he was sick, so he didn't come to school. Although he had a fever, but he wanted to study. If it will rain tomorrow, we will postpone the trip. By the time we arrived, the show started. Unless you don't try, you will fail. He spoke so quietly that we couldn't hear him."
章末總測驗 解答與詳解
基礎題 解答
第 1 題：(A) Because — 因果關係。
第 2 題：(B) arrive — 時間子句不用 will。
第 3 題：(C) Although — 讓步關係。
第 4 題：(B) so...that — tired 是形容詞 → so。
第 5 題：(B) Unless — = if not。
第 6 題：(A) While — 持續動作。
第 7 題：(C) in case — 「萬一」。
第 8 題：(B) as if — + 虛擬語氣 were。
第 9 題：(B) No matter how — + adj/adv。
第 10 題：(C) had left — by the time + 過去 → 過去完成。
進階題 解答
第 11 題：(C) Even though — 「即使」（已知事實）。
第 12 題：(B) until — 「直到」。
第 13 題：(B) such...that — 「a difficult problem」→ such + a + adj + N。
第 14 題：(B) unless — = if not。
第 15 題：(B) Now that — 「既然」。
第 16 題：(A) No matter what — 「無論發生什麼」。
第 17 題：(C) Even though — 即使讀很久也失敗（讓步）。
第 18 題：(B) such...that — simple language 是名詞片語 → such。
第 19 題：(B) until — 「等到...回來」。
第 20 題：(A) so that — 目的。
挑戰題 解答
第 21 題：(C) — 只有 (C) 沒有「連接詞共存」錯誤。 (A) Because + so（共存錯）；(B) Although + but（共存錯）；(D) Because + but（共存錯）。
第 22 題：(A) By the time / had already gone — by the time + 過去 → 過去完成。
第 23 題：(A) so much / that — money 不可數 → so much。
第 24 題：(A) No matter where — 「無論你去哪裡」。
第 25 題：(C) since — 自從 → since + 過去式。
第 26 題：翻譯 (a) Although he was tired, he still went to work.（不加 but！） (b) Unless you wake up early, you'll be late. (c) She talks as if she knew everything.
第 27 題：找錯 (a) Because + so 共存 → 刪 so (b) Although + but 共存 → 刪 but (c) if + will → if it rains (d) ended → had ended（by the time + 過去 → 主句過去完成）
第 28 題：(A)(D) (B) ✗ Even though + but（共存錯）。 (C) ✗ "Because of + 子句" → because of 後接名詞，子句要用 because。
第 29 題：翻譯 (a) By the time I got home, the sun had already set. (b) He was so tired that he fell asleep. (c) Whatever you do, please be careful.（或 No matter what you do, please be careful.）
第 30 題：完整修正 原段：Because he was sick, so he didn't come. Although he had a fever, but he wanted to study. If it will rain tomorrow, we will postpone the trip. By the time we arrived, the show started. Unless you don't try, you will fail. He spoke so quietly that we couldn't hear him.
修正版： "Because he was sick, he didn't come to school. Although he had a fever, he wanted to study. If it rains tomorrow, we will postpone the trip. By the time we arrived, the show had started. Unless you try, you will fail. He spoke so quietly that we couldn't hear him."（最後一句本來就對）
修正了 5 處：
- 刪除第一個 so（because/so 不共存）
- 刪除第一個 but（although/but 不共存）
- will rain → rains（條件子句不用 will）
- started → had started（by the time 過去 → 過去完成）
- don't try → try（unless 已含否定，不能再加 not）
自我評分
| 分數（30 題） | 等級 | 建議 |
|---|---|---|
| 27-30 | 🏆 威威等級 | 副詞子句精通！進入下一章。 |
| 22-26 | 🥈 穩健等級 | 重點複習：because/so 不共存、although/but 不共存、so vs. such。 |
| 16-21 | 🥉 加油等級 | 把「7 種副詞子句」+「6 大陷阱」背熟。 |
| 0-15 | 💪 再出發 | 從基本：時間/原因/條件/讓步 4 大類別開始。 |
複習計畫
時間 內容 今天 全文 + 即時練習 + 章末測驗 第 3 天 默寫 7 種副詞子句連接詞表 第 7 天 寫 5 個句子，每種副詞子句各 1 句 第 14 天 找 1 段英文文章，圈所有副詞子句並判斷類型 考試前 重看「6 大陷阱」
學習科學小知識：交錯練習 (Interleaving)
不要一次只練「時間連接詞」、再一次練「原因連接詞」——把所有連接詞混在一起練！
研究 (Rohrer 2015) 顯示：交錯不同但相關的主題，能大幅提升分辨力和長期記憶——效果比區塊式練習好 40%。
這就像打棒球時不會只練同一種球路——混著練才能培養實戰反應。
應用：本講義的 30 題章末測驗就是混合 7 種副詞子句——多做幾遍，反射動作就建立了！
