學測高頻慣用語 (Idioms & Fixed Expressions for GSAT)
本筆記收錄學測 (GSAT) 中最常出現的 120+ 個慣用語 (idioms)，依主題分類。 慣用語的特色是「不能照字面翻譯」，必須整體理解其比喻意義。 建議搭配例句和對應中文成語一起記憶，效果加倍！ 複習間隔：1天 → 3天 → 7天 → 14天 → 30天
一、身體相關慣用語（Body Idioms）— 20個
| # | 慣用語 (Idiom) | 字面翻譯 | 實際意思 | 例句 (Example) | 對應中文 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | break a leg | 折斷一條腿 | 祝好運 | Break a leg at the audition today!（今天試鏡祝你好運！） | 祝你好運 |
| 2 | cost an arm and a leg | 花一條手臂和一條腿 | 非常昂貴 | That designer bag costs an arm and a leg.（那個名牌包貴得離譜。） | 價值連城 |
| 3 | keep an eye on | 保持一隻眼睛在……上 | 注意看著；留意 | Can you keep an eye on my bag for a minute?（你能幫我看一下包包嗎？） | 留心注意 |
| 4 | lend a hand | 借出一隻手 | 幫忙 | Could you lend me a hand with these boxes?（你能幫我搬這些箱子嗎？） | 伸出援手 |
| 5 | turn a blind eye | 轉一隻瞎眼 | 視而不見 | The teacher turned a blind eye to his tardiness.（老師對他的遲到視而不見。） | 視而不見 |
| 6 | by heart | 憑心 | 憑記憶 | The actress learned all her lines by heart.（那位女演員把所有台詞都背起來了。） | 倒背如流 |
| 7 | cross your fingers | 交叉手指 | 祈求好運 | I'm crossing my fingers that I pass the exam.（我祈求能通過考試。） | 祈求好運 |
| 8 | bite your tongue | 咬舌頭 | 忍住不說 | I had to bite my tongue when he insulted me.（他侮辱我時我只好忍住不反駁。） | 隱忍不言 |
| 9 | head over heels | 頭在腳後跟上 | 深深愛上；完全地 | She is head over heels in love with him.（她深深地愛上了他。） | 墜入愛河 |
| 10 | on the tip of one's tongue | 在舌尖上 | 話到嘴邊卻想不起來 | His name is on the tip of my tongue.（他的名字就在我嘴邊但就是想不起來。） | 話到嘴邊 |
| 11 | out of hand | 出了手 | 失控 | The protest got out of hand and turned violent.（抗議失控變成了暴力事件。） | 失去控制 |
| 12 | in hand | 在手中 | 在控制之中；在手邊 | Don't worry — everything is in hand.（別擔心，一切都在掌控中。） | 盡在掌握 |
| 13 | at hand | 在手邊 | 即將到來；在手邊 | The exams are close at hand.（考試近在眼前。） | 迫在眉睫 |
| 14 | on hand | 在場 | 可用的；在場的 | We have plenty of supplies on hand.（我們手邊有充足的物資。） | 備有存貨 |
| 15 | behind one's back | 在背後 | 背地裡 | She was talking about me behind my back.（她在背後說我的閒話。） | 背後議論 |
| 16 | face to face | 面對面 | 面對面地 | I prefer discussing things face to face.（我比較喜歡面對面討論事情。） | 面對面 |
| 17 | shoulder to shoulder | 肩並肩 | 齊心協力 | The team stood shoulder to shoulder to finish the project.（團隊齊心協力完成專案。） | 同舟共濟 |
| 18 | hand in hand | 手牽手 | 密切相關；共同 | Poverty and crime often go hand in hand.（貧窮和犯罪常常密不可分。） | 密不可分 |
| 19 | neck and neck | 脖子和脖子 | 並駕齊驅 | The two runners were neck and neck until the finish line.（兩位跑者一直並駕齊驅直到終點線。） | 不相上下 |
| 20 | keep one's chin up | 保持下巴抬高 | 保持樂觀 | Keep your chin up — things will get better!（保持樂觀，事情會好轉的！） | 振作精神 |
二、動物相關慣用語（Animal Idioms）— 10個
| # | 慣用語 (Idiom) | 字面翻譯 | 實際意思 | 例句 (Example) | 對應中文 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | let the cat out of the bag | 把貓放出袋子 | 無意中洩漏秘密 | She let the cat out of the bag about the surprise party.（她無意間洩漏了驚喜派對的秘密。） | 走漏風聲 |
| 2 | raining cats and dogs | 下貓下狗 | 傾盆大雨 | It's raining cats and dogs outside!（外面下著傾盆大雨！） | 傾盆大雨 |
| 3 | elephant in the room | 房間裡的大象 | 顯而易見但無人願提及的問題 | Nobody wanted to talk about the elephant in the room — the company was going bankrupt.（沒人願意提那個明擺著的問題——公司快破產了。） | 眾所周知的祕密 |
| 4 | black sheep | 黑羊 | 敗家子；害群之馬 | He's the black sheep of the family.（他是家中的敗家子。） | 害群之馬 |
| 5 | copycat | 複製貓 | 模仿者 | Stop being a copycat and come up with your own ideas!（別再模仿了，想點自己的主意！） | 東施效顰 |
| 6 | eager beaver | 急切的河狸 | 工作特別勤奮的人 | She's an eager beaver — always the first to volunteer.（她是個工作狂——總是第一個自願的。） | 工作狂 |
| 7 | wild goose chase | 野鵝追趕 | 徒勞無功的搜索 | Looking for my lost keys in the park was a wild goose chase.（在公園裡找我遺失的鑰匙是白費力氣。） | 徒勞無功 |
| 8 | fish out of water | 離開水的魚 | 格格不入；不自在 | I felt like a fish out of water at the fancy party.（在那個高級派對上我感到格格不入。） | 格格不入 |
| 9 | hold your horses | 拉住你的馬 | 等一下；別急 | Hold your horses! We can't leave yet.（等等！我們還不能走。） | 慢著別急 |
| 10 | when pigs fly | 豬會飛的時候 | 永遠不可能 | I'll clean my room when pigs fly!（我才不可能整理房間！） | 太陽從西邊出來 |
三、顏色相關慣用語（Color Idioms）— 10個
| # | 慣用語 (Idiom) | 字面翻譯 | 實際意思 | 例句 (Example) | 對應中文 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | green with envy | 綠色嫉妒 | 非常嫉妒 | She was green with envy when she saw my new phone.（她看到我的新手機時非常嫉妒。） | 嫉妒得眼紅 |
| 2 | feel blue | 感覺藍色 | 感到憂鬱 | I've been feeling blue since my best friend moved away.（自從好朋友搬走後，我一直感到憂鬱。） | 鬱鬱寡歡 |
| 3 | see red | 看到紅色 | 非常生氣 | When he insulted my family, I saw red.（他侮辱我的家人時，我火冒三丈。） | 火冒三丈 |
| 4 | white lie | 白色謊言 | 善意的謊言 | Telling a white lie is sometimes acceptable.（有時候說善意的謊言是可以接受的。） | 善意的謊言 |
| 5 | black and white | 黑和白 | 一清二楚；非黑即白 | The rules are black and white — no exceptions.（規則很明確——沒有例外。） | 一清二楚 |
| 6 | in the black/red | 在黑色/紅色中 | 有盈餘/虧損 | The company is finally in the black this quarter.（公司這個季度終於轉虧為盈了。） | 盈餘/赤字 |
| 7 | out of the blue | 從藍色中出來 | 出乎意料地 | Out of the blue, she called me after ten years.（出乎意料地，她十年後突然打電話給我。） | 突如其來 |
| 8 | once in a blue moon | 藍月亮出現一次 | 千載難逢；很少 | I only eat fast food once in a blue moon.（我很少吃速食。） | 千載難逢 |
| 9 | catch someone red-handed | 紅手抓到某人 | 當場抓到 | The thief was caught red-handed stealing the jewelry.（小偷偷珠寶時被當場抓到。） | 人贓俱獲 |
| 10 | golden opportunity | 金色機會 | 絕佳的機會 | This scholarship is a golden opportunity you shouldn't miss.（這個獎學金是你不該錯過的絕佳機會。） | 千載難逢的機會 |
四、食物相關慣用語（Food Idioms）— 10個
| # | 慣用語 (Idiom) | 字面翻譯 | 實際意思 | 例句 (Example) | 對應中文 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | piece of cake | 一塊蛋糕 | 非常容易 | The math test was a piece of cake.（數學考試太簡單了。） | 小菜一碟 |
| 2 | cup of tea | 一杯茶 | 喜好（常用於否定） | Bungee jumping is not my cup of tea.（高空彈跳不是我的菜。） | 不是我的菜 |
| 3 | in a nutshell | 在堅果殼裡 | 簡而言之 | In a nutshell, the project was a huge success.（簡而言之，這個專案非常成功。） | 簡而言之 |
| 4 | bring home the bacon | 把培根帶回家 | 養家活口 | My father works hard to bring home the bacon.（我父親辛勤工作養家。） | 養家活口 |
| 5 | spill the beans | 洩漏豆子 | 洩漏秘密 | Don't spill the beans about the surprise!（別把驚喜的秘密說出去！） | 洩漏秘密 |
| 6 | sweet tooth | 甜牙齒 | 喜歡吃甜食 | I have a sweet tooth — I can never resist chocolate.（我愛吃甜食——永遠無法抗拒巧克力。） | 愛吃甜食 |
| 7 | food for thought | 給思考的食物 | 發人深省的事 | The speaker's words gave us plenty of food for thought.（演講者的話讓我們深思。） | 發人深省 |
| 8 | cool as a cucumber | 像黃瓜一樣涼 | 非常冷靜 | Even during the crisis, she remained as cool as a cucumber.（即使在危機中，她依然冷靜如常。） | 泰然自若 |
| 9 | full of beans | 滿滿的豆子 | 精力充沛 | The kids were full of beans after the nap.（孩子們午睡後精力充沛。） | 生龍活虎 |
| 10 | butter someone up | 給某人抹奶油 | 巴結；奉承 | He tried to butter up the boss to get a promotion.（他試圖巴結老闆以求升職。） | 巴結奉承 |
五、天氣與自然相關慣用語（Weather & Nature Idioms）— 9個
| # | 慣用語 (Idiom) | 字面翻譯 | 實際意思 | 例句 (Example) | 對應中文 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | under the weather | 在天氣之下 | 身體不舒服 | I'm feeling a bit under the weather today.（我今天感覺不太舒服。） | 微恙不適 |
| 2 | break the ice | 打破冰 | 打破僵局；破冰 | The host told a joke to break the ice.（主持人說了個笑話來打破僵局。） | 打破僵局 |
| 3 | storm in a teacup | 茶杯裡的風暴 | 小題大作 | Their argument was just a storm in a teacup.（他們的爭吵只是小題大作。） | 小題大作 |
| 4 | on cloud nine | 在第九層雲上 | 非常開心 | She was on cloud nine after getting accepted to her dream school.（被夢想學校錄取後她開心極了。） | 樂不可支 |
| 5 | steal someone's thunder | 偷走某人的雷聲 | 搶某人的風頭 | I didn't mean to steal your thunder — I didn't know you were going to announce it.（我不是故意搶你的風頭——我不知道你要宣布這件事。） | 搶風頭 |
| 6 | clear as mud | 像泥巴一樣清楚 | 完全不清楚 | His explanation was clear as mud — I'm more confused than before.（他的解釋完全不清楚——我比之前更困惑了。） | 一塌糊塗 |
| 7 | ray of hope | 一線希望之光 | 一線希望 | The new treatment offers a ray of hope for patients.（新療法為患者帶來了一線希望。） | 一線希望 |
| 8 | silver lining | 銀色的襯裡 | 一線希望（壞事中的好事） | Every cloud has a silver lining.（每朵烏雲都有一道銀邊。） | 否極泰來 |
| 9 | tip of the iceberg | 冰山的一角 | 僅僅一小部分 | These complaints are just the tip of the iceberg.（這些抱怨只是冰山一角。） | 冰山一角 |
六、數字相關慣用語（Number Idioms）— 10個
| # | 慣用語 (Idiom) | 字面翻譯 | 實際意思 | 例句 (Example) | 對應中文 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | once in a blue moon | 藍月亮出現一次 | 很少發生 | We go to the movies once in a blue moon.（我們很少去電影院。） | 千載難逢 |
| 2 | second thoughts | 第二次想法 | 再三考慮；疑慮 | I'm having second thoughts about moving abroad.（我對搬到國外這件事有了疑慮。） | 再三考慮 |
| 3 | at first sight | 第一眼 | 一見鍾情 | It was love at first sight.（那是一見鍾情。） | 一見鍾情 |
| 4 | on second thought | 第二次想法後 | 重新考慮後 | On second thought, I think I'll stay home.（重新考慮後，我想我還是待在家好了。） | 三思之後 |
| 5 | in one ear and out the other | 一耳進一耳出 | 左耳進右耳出 | Whatever I tell him goes in one ear and out the other.（不管我跟他說什麼，他總是左耳進右耳出。） | 左耳進右耳出 |
| 6 | two heads are better than one | 兩個頭比一個好 | 三個臭皮匠勝過一個諸葛亮 | Let's work on this together — two heads are better than one.（我們一起做吧——人多力量大。） | 集思廣益 |
| 7 | six of one, half a dozen of the other | 六個和半打 | 半斤八兩 | Whether we go by train or by bus, it's six of one, half a dozen of the other.（搭火車還是公車都一樣。） | 半斤八兩 |
| 8 | at sixes and sevens | 在六和七之中 | 亂七八糟 | The office was at sixes and sevens after the manager left.（經理離開後辦公室亂七八糟。） | 亂七八糟 |
| 9 | nine times out of ten | 十次有九次 | 幾乎總是 | Nine times out of ten, he arrives late.（他幾乎每次都遲到。） | 十之八九 |
| 10 | ten a penny | 十個一便士 | 很常見；不值錢 | Souvenir shops like this are ten a penny in tourist areas.（這種紀念品店在觀光區隨處可見。） | 隨處可見 |
七、其他高頻慣用語（General High-Frequency Idioms）— 20個
| # | 慣用語 (Idiom) | 實際意思 | 例句 (Example) | 對應中文 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | by and large | 大體上 | By and large, the project was a success.（大體上，這個專案是成功的。） | 大體而言 |
| 2 | pros and cons | 利弊 | We need to weigh the pros and cons before deciding.（我們需要權衡利弊再做決定。） | 利弊得失 |
| 3 | dos and don'ts | 注意事項 | Here's a list of dos and don'ts for the exam.（這是考試的注意事項清單。） | 應做和不應做的事 |
| 4 | ins and outs | 來龍去脈 | He knows the ins and outs of the system.（他對這個系統瞭如指掌。） | 來龍去脈 |
| 5 | ups and downs | 起起落落 | Every marriage has its ups and downs.（每段婚姻都有起起落落。） | 跌宕起伏 |
| 6 | now and then | 偶爾 | I visit my grandmother now and then.（我偶爾去探望祖母。） | 偶爾有時 |
| 7 | here and there | 四處；到處 | I saw flowers blooming here and there in the garden.（我看到花園裡到處都有花在綻放。） | 零零星星 |
| 8 | safe and sound | 安然無恙 | We arrived home safe and sound.（我們安然無恙地到家了。） | 安然無恙 |
| 9 | through thick and thin | 同甘共苦 | True friends stay together through thick and thin.（真正的朋友同甘共苦。） | 同甘共苦 |
| 10 | make ends meet | 勉強維持生計 | With three children, it's hard to make ends meet.（養三個孩子，很難維持收支平衡。） | 入不敷出/勉強度日 |
| 11 | hit the nail on the head | 一語中的 | Your analysis really hits the nail on the head.（你的分析真是一語中的。） | 一針見血 |
| 12 | burning the midnight oil | 熬夜苦讀 | She's been burning the midnight oil to prepare for the exam.（她一直在熬夜苦讀準備考試。） | 焚膏繼晷 |
| 13 | easier said than done | 說比做容易 | "Just be brave." — "Easier said than done!"（「勇敢一點。」「說得容易做得到嗎！」） | 知易行難 |
| 14 | every cloud has a silver lining | 否極泰來 | Don't give up — every cloud has a silver lining.（不要放棄——否極泰來。） | 否極泰來 |
| 15 | practice makes perfect | 熟能生巧 | Keep practicing — practice makes perfect.（繼續練習——熟能生巧。） | 熟能生巧 |
| 16 | when in Rome, do as the Romans do | 入境隨俗 | I don't usually eat sushi, but when in Rome...（我通常不吃壽司，但入境隨俗嘛……） | 入境隨俗 |
| 17 | actions speak louder than words | 事實勝於雄辯 | Stop promising and start doing — actions speak louder than words.（別再承諾了，開始行動吧——事實勝於雄辯。） | 事實勝於雄辯 |
| 18 | don't judge a book by its cover | 不要以貌取人 | He may look tough, but don't judge a book by its cover.（他看起來很兇，但不要以貌取人。） | 人不可貌相 |
| 19 | the early bird catches the worm | 早起的鳥兒有蟲吃 | Let's start early — the early bird catches the worm!（我們早點開始吧——早起的鳥兒有蟲吃！） | 早起的鳥兒有蟲吃 |
| 20 | a blessing in disguise | 因禍得福 | Losing that job was a blessing in disguise — I found a better one.（失去那份工作是因禍得福——我找到了一份更好的。） | 因禍得福 |
八、綜合練習（25題）
Part A：配對題（Matching）— 題號 1-10
將左欄的慣用語與右欄正確的中文意思配對。
| 題號 | 英文慣用語 | 你的答案 | 選項 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | break a leg | ______ | A. 當場抓到 |
| 2 | piece of cake | ______ | B. 非常容易 |
| 3 | elephant in the room | ______ | C. 養家活口 |
| 4 | cost an arm and a leg | ______ | D. 非常昂貴 |
| 5 | bring home the bacon | ______ | E. 祝好運 |
| 6 | catch someone red-handed | ______ | F. 打破僵局 |
| 7 | under the weather | ______ | G. 身體不舒服 |
| 8 | break the ice | ______ | H. 顯而易見但無人願提的問題 |
| 9 | black sheep | ______ | I. 格格不入 |
| 10 | fish out of water | ______ | J. 害群之馬 |
Part B：填空題（Fill-in-the-Blank）— 題號 11-18
從下列慣用語中選出正確答案填入空格中。
備選慣用語： once in a blue moon / safe and sound / by and large / hit the nail on the head / ups and downs / silver lining / spill the beans / burning the midnight oil
| 題號 | 題目 |
|---|---|
| 11 | After the long journey, we arrived home ______. |
| 12 | He has been ______ to prepare for the entrance exam. |
| 13 | I only see my childhood friend ______ because he lives abroad. |
| 14 | Don't ______ — the party is supposed to be a surprise! |
| 15 | ______, the new policy has been well received by the public. |
| 16 | Every relationship has its ______, but true love endures. |
| 17 | Your analysis of the problem really ______. |
| 18 | Losing my job was tough, but the ______ was that I had more time with my family. |
Part C：選擇題（Multiple Choice）— 題號 19-25
選出最適合的慣用語。
| 題號 | 題目 | A | B | C | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19 | She was ______ when she saw her rival wearing the same dress. | seeing red | green with envy | feeling blue | out of the blue |
| 20 | The test was a ______ — I finished in ten minutes. | storm in a teacup | piece of cake | cup of tea | food for thought |
| 21 | He likes to ______ — he's always telling people how great he is. | show off | break the ice | hold his horses | bite his tongue |
| 22 | "Will you lend me money?" — "When ______!" | pigs fly | cats and dogs | the elephant in the room | the tip of the iceberg |
| 23 | I've memorized the poem ______. | by heart | at hand | on hand | in hand |
| 24 | The children were ______ after eating all the candy. | full of beans | cool as cucumbers | sweet teeth | out of hand |
| 25 | Don't take it so seriously — it's just a ______. | white lie | black sheep | red flag | green light |
九、解答（Answer Key）
Part A：配對題
| 題號 | 答案 |
|---|---|
| 1 | E (break a leg = 祝好運) |
| 2 | B (piece of cake = 非常容易) |
| 3 | H (elephant in the room = 顯而易見但無人願提的問題) |
| 4 | D (cost an arm and a leg = 非常昂貴) |
| 5 | C (bring home the bacon = 養家活口) |
| 6 | A (catch someone red-handed = 當場抓到) |
| 7 | G (under the weather = 身體不舒服) |
| 8 | F (break the ice = 打破僵局) |
| 9 | J (black sheep = 害群之馬) |
| 10 | I (fish out of water = 格格不入) |
Part B：填空題
| 題號 | 答案 |
|---|---|
| 11 | safe and sound |
| 12 | burning the midnight oil |
| 13 | once in a blue moon |
| 14 | spill the beans |
| 15 | By and large |
| 16 | ups and downs |
| 17 | hit the nail on the head |
| 18 | silver lining |
Part C：選擇題
| 題號 | 答案 | 說明 |
|---|---|---|
| 19 | B (green with envy) | 非常嫉妒 |
| 20 | B (piece of cake) | 非常容易 |
| 21 | A (show off) | 炫耀 |
| 22 | A (When pigs fly!) | 永遠不可能 |
| 23 | A (by heart) | 憑記憶 |
| 24 | A (full of beans) | 精力充沛 |
| 25 | A (white lie) | 善意的謊言 |
十、複習計畫（Review Schedule）
慣用語的關鍵是「理解比喻」，不要死記硬背。建議：
- 想像字面畫面（如：貓從袋子裡跳出來 = 洩漏秘密）
- 對應到中文成語或熟悉的表達
- 在寫作和口說中主動使用
| 複習次數 | 間隔時間 | 複習重點 | 完成打勾 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 第 1 次 | 學完後 1 天 | 全部慣用語快速瀏覽，回想比喻畫面 | □ |
| 第 2 次 | 第 3 天 | 標記不熟的慣用語重點複習 | □ |
| 第 3 次 | 第 7 天 | 做練習題，檢查理解 | □ |
| 第 4 次 | 第 14 天 | 嘗試在造句中使用慣用語 | □ |
| 第 5 次 | 第 30 天 | 模擬測驗，確認長期記憶 | □ |
主題式記憶建議
| 學習日 | 主題 | 慣用語數量 |
|---|---|---|
| Day 1 | 身體相關 | 20 |
| Day 2 | 動物 + 顏色相關 | 20 |
| Day 3 | 食物 + 天氣/自然相關 | 19 |
| Day 4 | 數字 + 其他高頻 | 30 |
| Day 5 | 總複習 + 練習題 | 全部 |
慣用語是英文的靈魂。它們讓你的語言從「課本英文」變成「道地英文」。想像每一個慣用語背後的畫面，用中文成語來對照理解，你會發現英文慣用語其實很有趣！記住：學測閱讀裡出現慣用語時，千萬不要逐字翻譯！
