威威老師的單字寶庫：GRE核心字彙 (GRE Essential Vocabulary)
本筆記收錄 200 個 GRE 高頻核心字彙，依主題分為 5 大類。 每個單字提供：讀音、中文、英文定義、同義詞、反義詞、例句、記憶技巧。 適用考試：GRE General Test (Verbal Reasoning) 建議每天學習 15-20 個字，搭配「字根字首字尾 (上)」和「字根字首字尾 (下)」使用效果更佳。 複習間隔：1天 → 3天 → 7天 → 14天 → 30天
Group 1：態度與觀點 (Attitudes & Perspectives) — 40個
| # | 單字 | 讀音 | 中文 | 英文定義 | 同義詞 | 反義詞 | 記憶技巧 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | adamant | /'aedement/ | 堅定不移的 | refusing to change one's mind | resolute, unyielding | flexible, yielding | 含有 "adamant"（鑽石般的堅硬） |
| 2 | ambivalent | /aem'bivalent/ | 矛盾的 | having mixed feelings about something | conflicted, uncertain | certain, decisive | ambi-(雙) + val(力量) = 兩股力量拉扯 |
| 3 | apathetic | /aepe'Oetik/ | 冷漠的 | showing no interest or emotion | indifferent, unconcerned | passionate, eager | a-(無) + path(感情) = 沒有感情 |
| 4 | ardent | /'a:rdent/ | 熱情的 | intensely devoted or enthusiastic | fervent, passionate | lukewarm, indifferent | ardens（拉丁文「燃燒的」） |
| 5 | biased | /'baiest/ | 有偏見的 | unfairly prejudiced | prejudiced, partial | impartial, objective | bias（偏斜） |
| 6 | categorical | /kaet'gorikel/ | 絕對的 | unconditional; without exceptions | absolute, unequivocal | qualified, tentative | category（類別）= 分得一清二楚的 |
| 7 | cautious | /'ko:Jes/ | 謹慎的 | careful to avoid potential problems | careful, wary | reckless, bold | caution（謹慎） |
| 8 | circumspect | /'s3:rkemspekt/ | 審慎的 | carefully considering all circumstances | prudent, wary | rash, reckless | circum-(環繞) + spect(看) = 四處看 |
| 9 | contentious | /ken'tenJes/ | 好爭論的 | likely to cause disagreement | controversial, argumentative | agreeable, harmonious | content(競爭) + -ious |
| 10 | contrary | /'kentreri/ | 相反的 | opposed to something | opposite, opposing | agreeing, conforming | contra-(反對) |
| 11 | cynical | /'sinikel/ | 憤世嫉俗的 | believing people are motivated by selfishness | skeptical, distrustful | trusting, naive | cynic（犬儒學派） |
| 12 | deferential | /defe'renJel/ | 恭敬的 | showing respect and submission | respectful, reverent | disrespectful, insolent | defer(順從) + -ential |
| 13 | defiant | /di'faient/ | 挑釁的 | boldly resisting authority | rebellious, resistant | compliant, obedient | de-(相反) + fi(信任) = 不信任 |
| 14 | detached | /di'taetJt/ | 超然的 | emotionally separated; objective | aloof, indifferent | involved, emotional | de-(分離) + tach(附著) = 分離的 |
| 15 | disdainful | /dis'deinfel/ | 輕蔑的 | showing contempt | scornful, contemptuous | respectful, admiring | disdain（鄙視） |
| 16 | dogmatic | /dog'maetik/ | 教條的 | asserting opinions as facts | inflexible, rigid | open-minded, flexible | dogma（教條） |
| 17 | emphatic | /im'faetik/ | 強調的 | expressing something forcefully | forceful, assertive | hesitant, mild | emphasis（強調） |
| 18 | equivocal | /i'kwivekel/ | 模稜兩可的 | ambiguous; having multiple meanings | ambiguous, vague | clear, unambiguous | equi-(相等) + voc(聲音) = 多種聲音 |
| 19 | fervent | /'f3:rvent/ | 熱切的 | showing great warmth of feeling | ardent, passionate | apathetic, indifferent | fervens（拉丁文「沸騰的」） |
| 20 | impartial | /im'pa:rjel/ | 公正的 | treating all sides equally | fair, unbiased | biased, partial | im-(不) + partial(偏頗的) |
| 21 | intransigent | /in'trensident/ | 不妥協的 | refusing to change one's views | uncompromising, stubborn | flexible, cooperative | in-(不) + transig(妥協) |
| 22 | objective | /eb'dzektiv/ | 客觀的 | not influenced by personal feelings | impartial, unbiased | subjective, biased | object（客體） |
| 23 | partisan | /'pa:rtizn/ | 黨派的 | strongly supporting one side | biased, one-sided | neutral, impartial | party（政黨） |
| 24 | pragmatic | /praeg'maetik/ | 務實的 | dealing with things practically | practical, realistic | idealistic, impractical | pragma（希臘文「事實」） |
| 25 | prudent | /'pru:dent/ | 審慎的 | acting with care and thought | careful, cautious | reckless, careless | provident（有遠見的） |
| 26 | resolute | /'rezelu:t/ | 堅決的 | admirably purposeful and determined | determined, steadfast | irresolute, wavering | resolve（決心） |
| 27 | skeptical | /'skeptikel/ | 懷疑的 | not easily convinced | doubtful, questioning | trusting, gullible | skeptic（懷疑論者） |
| 28 | subjective | /seb'dzektiv/ | 主觀的 | based on personal feelings | personal, biased | objective, impartial | subject（主體） |
| 29 | sympathetic | /simpe'Oetik/ | 同情的 | feeling compassion for others | compassionate, caring | indifferent, callous | sym-(共同) + path(感情) |
| 30 | tenacious | /te'neiJes/ | 堅韌的 | persistent and determined | persistent, stubborn | yielding, weak | ten(握住) = 緊握不放 |
| 31 | unequivocal | /Ani'kwivekel/ | 明確的 | clear and unambiguous | clear, definite | ambiguous, vague | un-(不) + equivocal(模稜兩可) |
| 32 | vehement | /'vi:ement/ | 激烈的 | showing strong feeling | passionate, forceful | mild, gentle | vehemens（拉丁文「猛烈的」） |
| 33 | vindictive | /vin'diktiv/ | 報復性的 | having a strong desire for revenge | revengeful, spiteful | forgiving, merciful | vindicate(報復) + -ive |
| 34 | zealous | /'zeles/ | 熱忱的 | showing great energy or enthusiasm | fervent, passionate | apathetic, indifferent | zeal（熱忱） |
| 35 | conciliatory | /ken'silieteri/ | 安撫的 | intended to reconcile | reconciling, appeasing | provocative, hostile | conciliate（安撫） |
| 36 | complacent | /kem'pleisnt/ | 自滿的 | smugly satisfied with oneself | self-satisfied, smug | dissatisfied, humble | com-(完全) + plac(取悅) = 完全自得 |
| 37 | dispassionate | /dis'paeJenet/ | 冷靜的 | not influenced by emotion | impartial, objective | emotional, passionate | dis-(不) + passionate(熱情的) |
| 38 | obstinate | /'a:bstenet/ | 固執的 | stubbornly refusing to change | stubborn, inflexible | flexible, compliant | ob-(對抗) + stin(站) = 站著對抗 |
| 39 | recalcitrant | /ri'kaelsitrent/ | 頑抗的 | uncooperative toward authority | rebellious, defiant | obedient, compliant | re-(再) + calcitr(踢) = 踢回去 |
| 40 | stoic | /'stouik/ | 堅忍的 | enduring pain without complaint | resilient, uncomplaining | emotional, expressive | Stoic（斯多葛學派） |
Group 2：程度與大小 (Degree & Size) — 40個
| # | 單字 | 讀音 | 中文 | 英文定義 | 同義詞 | 反義詞 | 記憶技巧 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | abundant | /e'bandent/ | 豐富的 | existing in large quantities | plentiful, copious | scarce, meager | abound（豐富） |
| 2 | adequate | /'aedikwet/ | 足夠的 | sufficient for a specific need | sufficient, enough | inadequate, deficient | ad-(朝向) + equ(平等) = 達到相等 |
| 3 | amplify | /'aemplifai/ | 放大 | to increase the strength of | magnify, intensify | reduce, diminish | ampl(大) + -ify(使) |
| 4 | astound | /e'staund/ | 使震驚 | to shock or surprise greatly | amaze, astonish | bore, underwhelm | as-(加強) + tound(雷擊般) |
| 5 | attenuate | /e'tenjueit/ | 減弱 | to reduce in thickness or strength | weaken, dilute | strengthen, intensify | at-(朝向) + tenu(薄) = 變薄 |
| 6 | augment | /o:g'ment/ | 增加 | to make larger; to increase | enlarge, increase | decrease, reduce | aug(增加) + -ment |
| 7 | colossal | /ke'losel/ | 巨大的 | extremely large | enormous, gigantic | tiny, minute | colossus（巨像） |
| 8 | copious | /'koupies/ | 大量的 | abundant in supply | plentiful, abundant | scarce, scant | copia（拉丁文「豐富」） |
| 9 | diminish | /di'minif/ | 減少 | to make smaller or less | reduce, decrease | increase, enlarge | mini(小) + -ish |
| 10 | diminutive | /di'minjetiv/ | 極小的 | extremely small | tiny, minute | enormous, colossal | dimin(小) + -utive |
| 11 | enormity | /i'no:rmeti/ | 巨大；極惡 | the great scale or seriousness of something | vastness, gravity | triviality, insignificance | e-(出) + norm(標準) = 超出標準 |
| 12 | enormous | /i'no:rmes/ | 巨大的 | very large in size or quantity | huge, massive | tiny, minute | e-(出) + norm(標準) + -ous |
| 13 | ephemeral | /i'femereal/ | 短暫的 | lasting for a very short time | fleeting, transient | permanent, enduring | epi-(上) + hemer(天) = 一天的 |
| 14 | evanescent | /eve'nesnt/ | 消逝的 | soon passing out of sight | fading, fleeting | lasting, permanent | e-(出) + vanes(消失) |
| 15 | exorbitant | /ig'zo:rbetent/ | 過度的 | exceeding reasonable limits | excessive, extortionate | moderate, reasonable | ex-(出) + orbit(軌道) = 脫離軌道 |
| 16 | extensive | /ik'stensiv/ | 廣泛的 | covering a large area | comprehensive, broad | limited, narrow | ex-(向外) + tens(伸展) |
| 17 | gargantuan | /ga:r'gaentJuen/ | 龐大的 | enormously large | colossal, gigantic | tiny, minute | Gargantua（拉伯雷小說中的巨人） |
| 18 | immense | /i'mens/ | 巨大的 | extremely large | vast, enormous | tiny, small | im-(不) + mense(測量) = 無法測量 |
| 19 | incipient | /in'sipient/ | 初期的 | beginning to happen or develop | emerging, budding | mature, full-blown | in-(內) + cip(抓住) + -ient = 剛開始抓住 |
| 20 | inexhaustible | /inig'zo:stebel/ | 用不完的 | without limits; tireless | limitless, endless | limited, finite | in-(不) + exhaust(耗盡) + -ible |
| 21 | infinitesimal | /infini'tesimel/ | 極微小的 | extremely small | minuscule, microscopic | enormous, colossal | infinite(無限) + simal(小到無限) |
| 22 | lavish | /'laevif/ | 奢華的 | sumptuously rich or elaborate | luxurious, extravagant | frugal, meager | lav(洗) → 洗禮般的豐盛 |
| 23 | meager | /'mi:ger/ | 貧乏的 | lacking in quantity or quality | scanty, insufficient | abundant, plentiful | meager（瘦的） |
| 24 | minute | /mai'nju:t/ | 微小的 | extremely small | tiny, infinitesimal | enormous, huge | min(小) + -ute |
| 25 | modest | /'madist/ | 適度的 | unassuming; moderate in size | moderate, humble | extravagant, grand | mod(適度) + -est |
| 26 | monumental | /monju'mentel/ | 巨大的 | great in importance or size | enormous, significant | trivial, insignificant | monument（紀念碑）→ 巨大的 |
| 27 | mundane | /man'dein/ | 平凡的 | ordinary; lacking interest | ordinary, commonplace | extraordinary, exciting | mund(世界) + -ane = 世俗的 |
| 28 | myopic | /mai'opik/ | 近視的；短視的 | lacking imagination or foresight | shortsighted, narrow-minded | farsighted, visionary | myo(閉) + op(眼) = 眼睛閉近 |
| 29 | negligible | /'neglidzebel/ | 微不足道的 | so small as to be ignored | insignificant, trivial | significant, considerable | neglect(忽略) + -ible |
| 30 | nominal | /'naminel/ | 名義上的 | very small; in name only | token, titular | significant, substantial | nomin(名) + -al |
| 31 | paltry | /'po:ltri/ | 微不足道的 | ridiculously small | measly, trivial | substantial, generous | paltry（不值錢的） |
| 32 | pervasive | /per'veisiv/ | 無所不在的 | spreading widely throughout | widespread, omnipresent | limited, restricted | per-(透過) + vas(走) = 走遍 |
| 33 | prodigious | /pre'didzes/ | 巨大的 | remarkable in size or degree | enormous, marvelous | insignificant, ordinary | prodigy（奇才）→ 巨大的 |
| 34 | profound | /pre'faund/ | 深刻的 | very great; having deep insight | deep, significant | shallow, superficial | pro-(向前) + found(底部) = 到達底部 |
| 35 | prolific | pre'lifik/ | 多產的 | producing much fruit or output | productive, fruitful | unproductive, barren | proli(後代) + -fic(做) |
| 36 | scanty | /'skaenti/ | 不足的 | barely sufficient | meager, insufficient | abundant, plentiful | scant(缺乏) + -y |
| 37 | staggering | /'staegeering/ | 驚人的 | deeply astonishing | astounding, remarkable | ordinary, unremarkable | stagger（蹣跚）→ 震撼到站不穩 |
| 38 | substantial | /seb'staenjel/ | 大量的 | of considerable importance or size | considerable, significant | negligible, minor | sub-(下面) + stan(站) = 有底子的 |
| 39 | superfluous | /su:'p3:rflues/ | 多餘的 | more than what is needed | excess, redundant | necessary, essential | super-(超過) + flu(流) = 溢出來的 |
| 40 | voluminous | /ve'lu:menes/ | 大量的 | very large in volume | extensive, massive | compact, brief | volume（體積）+ -inous |
Group 3：正面特質 (Positive Traits) — 40個
| # | 單字 | 讀音 | 中文 | 英文定義 | 同義詞 | 反義詞 | 記憶技巧 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | altruistic | /aeltru'istik/ | 利他的 | showing selfless concern for others | selfless, generous | selfish, self-centered | altru(他人) + -istic |
| 2 | amiable | /'eimiabel/ | 和藹的 | having a friendly manner | friendly, pleasant | hostile, unfriendly | ami(愛/朋友) + -able |
| 3 | assiduous | /e'sidzues/ | 勤勉的 | showing great care and perseverance | diligent, industrious | lazy, careless | as-(朝向) + sid(坐) = 一直坐著工作 |
| 4 | benevolent | /be'nevelemt/ | 仁慈的 | well-meaning and kindly | kind, charitable | malevolent, cruel | bene(好) + vol(意志) = 好意 |
| 5 | benign | /bi'nain/ | 良性的 | gentle; kindly | harmless, mild | malignant, harmful | bene(好) + gen(產生) = 產生好的 |
| 6 | candid | /'kaendid/ | 坦率的 | truthful and straightforward | honest, frank | deceitful, evasive | cand(白/明亮) = 白天般的坦誠 |
| 7 | charitable | /'tJaeretebel/ | 慈善的 | generous to those in need | generous, benevolent | stingy, selfish | charity（慈善） |
| 8 | commendable | /ke'mendebel/ | 值得讚揚的 | deserving praise | praiseworthy, admirable | blameworthy, reprehensible | commend(讚揚) + -able |
| 9 | compassionate | /kem'paeJenat/ | 有同情心的 | feeling or showing sympathy | sympathetic, caring | indifferent, callous | com-(共同) + pass(感受) + -ionate |
| 10 | comprehensive | /kampri'hensiv/ | 全面的 | including all elements | thorough, complete | partial, limited | com-(完全) + prehens(抓住) = 全部抓住 |
| 11 | conscientious | /kanfi'enJes/ | 盡責的 | careful and painstaking | thorough, diligent | careless, negligent | conscience(良心) + -tious |
| 12 | consummate | /ken'samit/ | 完美的 | showing supreme skill | perfect, accomplished | amateur, imperfect | con-(完全) + sum(完成) = 完全做完 |
| 13 | exemplary | /ig'zempleri/ | 模範的 | serving as a desirable model | model, ideal | poor, unacceptable | example（例子）→ 模範的 |
| 14 | fortuitous | /fo:r'tju:ites/ | 偶然的；幸運的 | happening by chance; lucky | serendipitous, fortunate | planned, unfortunate | fortu(運氣) + -itous |
| 15 | gratuitous | /gre'tju:ites/ | 免費的；無緣故的 | given freely; unjustified | uncalled-for, voluntary | justified, necessary | grat(恩惠) + -uitous |
| 16 | harmonious | /ha:r'mounies/ | 和諧的 | forming a pleasing whole | peaceful, concordant | discordant, conflicting | harmony（和諧）+ -ious |
| 17 | immaculate | /i'maekjulet/ | 完美無瑕的 | perfectly clean or neat | flawless, pristine | dirty, flawed | im-(不) + macul(斑點) = 沒有斑點 |
| 18 | impeccable | /im'pekebel/ | 無懈可擊的 | without faults | flawless, perfect | flawed, imperfect | im-(不) + pecc(犯錯) = 不犯錯的 |
| 19 | indomitable | /in'damitebel/ | 不屈不撓的 | impossible to subdue | unconquerable, invincible | weak, submissive | in-(不) + domit(馴服) = 不可馴服 |
| 20 | ingenious | /in'dzi:nies/ | 巧妙的 | cleverly inventive | creative, brilliant | stupid, unimaginative | in-(內) + gen(產生) + -ious = 腦中產生的 |
| 21 | innovative | /'ineveitiv/ | 創新的 | introducing new ideas | creative, groundbreaking | conventional, traditional | innovate（創新）+ -ive |
| 22 | insightful | /'insaitfel/ | 有洞察力的 | having deep understanding | perceptive, discerning | oblivious, shallow | in(內) + sight(看) = 看到內部 |
| 23 | intrepid | /in'trepid/ | 無畏的 | fearless and adventurous | brave, courageous | cowardly, timid | in-(不) + trep(害怕) = 不害怕 |
| 24 | judicious | /dzu:'difes/ | 明智的 | showing good judgment | wise, prudent | foolish, imprudent | judic(判斷) + -ious |
| 25 | magnanimous | /maeg'naenimes/ | 寬宏大量的 | generous or forgiving | generous, charitable | petty, vindictive | magn(大) + anim(精神) = 偉大的精神 |
| 26 | meticulous | /me'tikjeles/ | 一絲不苟的 | showing great attention to detail | thorough, precise | careless, sloppy | metic(小心) + -ulous |
| 27 | munificent | /mju:'nifisnt/ | 慷慨的 | more generous than necessary | generous, bountiful | stingy, miserly | muni(禮物) + fic(做) = 製作禮物 |
| 28 | perspicacious | /p3:rspi'keifes/ | 敏銳的 | having keen mental perception | discerning, astute | obtuse, imperceptive | per-(透過) + spic(看) + -acious |
| 29 | philanthropic | /filen'BrApik/ | 慈善的 | seeking to promote others' welfare | charitable, humanitarian | selfish, greedy | phil(愛) + anthrop(人) = 愛人類 |
| 30 | sagacious | /se'geifes/ | 睿智的 | having keen mental discernment | wise, shrewd | foolish, ignorant | sag(敏銳) + -acious |
| 31 | salutary | /'seljetri/ | 有益的 | producing good effects | beneficial, wholesome | harmful, detrimental | salut(健康) + -ary |
| 32 | sanguine | /'saengwin/ | 樂觀的 | optimistic in a difficult situation | optimistic, positive | pessimistic, gloomy | sangu(血) → 血色好 = 樂觀的 |
| 33 | steadfast | /'stedfaest/ | 婉定的 | resolutely firm | loyal, unwavering | fickle, unreliable | stead(站) + fast(牢固) |
| 34 | sublime | /se'blaim/ | 崇高的 | of great excellence or beauty | magnificent, transcendent | ordinary, base | sub-(下面) + lim(門檻) = 提升到門檻之上 |
| 35 | vigilant | /'vidzilent/ | 警覺的 | keeping careful watch | watchful, alert | careless, inattentive | vigil(守夜) + -ant |
| 36 | ostensible | /a'stensibel/ | 表面上的 | stated or appearing to be true | apparent, seeming | actual, genuine | ob-(面對) + tens(伸展) = 展示在面前 |
| 37 | parsimonious | /pa:rsi'mounies/ | 極度節儉的 | unwilling to spend money | stingy, frugal | generous, lavish | pars(少) + mon(分配) = 分配得很少 |
| 38 | innovative | /'ineveitiv/ | 創新的 | introducing new ideas or methods | inventive, original | traditional, conventional | in-(進入) + nov(新) + -ative |
| 39 | meritorious | /meri'to:ries/ | 值得讚揚的 | deserving reward or praise | praiseworthy, laudable | blameworthy, undeserving | merit(功績) + -orious |
| 40 | versatile | /'v3:rsetl/ | 多才多藝的 | able to adapt to many functions | adaptable, flexible | limited, one-dimensional | vers(轉) + -atile = 能轉換的 |
Group 4：負面特質 (Negative Traits) — 40個
| # | 單字 | 讀音 | 中文 | 英文定義 | 同義詞 | 反義詞 | 記憶技巧 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | aberrant | /e'berent/ | 脫離常軌的 | departing from normal standards | abnormal, atypical | normal, typical | ab-(偏離) + err(流浪) + -ant |
| 2 | avaricious | /aeve'rifes/ | 貪婪的 | having an extreme greed for wealth | greedy, rapacious | generous, charitable | avar(貪婪) + -icious |
| 3 | belligerent | /be'lidzerent/ | 好戰的 | hostile and aggressive | aggressive, combative | peaceful, friendly | belli(戰爭) + ger(帶) + -ent |
| 4 | capricious | /ke'prifes/ | 善變的 | given to sudden changes of mood | unpredictable, fickle | consistent, stable | capri(山羊) = 像山羊一樣跳躍 |
| 5 | chicanery | /fi'keineri/ | 狡詐 | the use of trickery | deception, trickery | honesty, fairness | chicane（詭計） |
| 6 | corrupt | /ke'rapt/ | 腐敗的 | dishonest or fraudulent | dishonest, tainted | honest, pure | cor-(完全) + rupt(斷裂) = 完全斷裂 |
| 7 | deplorable | /di'plo:rebel/ | 可悲的 | deserving strong condemnation | dreadful, appalling | commendable, admirable | deplore(哀嘆) + -able |
| 8 | despotic | /di'spatik/ | 專制的 | exercising power cruelly | tyrannical, authoritarian | democratic, liberal | despot(暴君) + -ic |
| 9 | duplicitous | /dju:'plisites/ | 欺騙的 | deceitful; double-dealing | deceitful, two-faced | honest, sincere | dupli(雙) + cit(行為) = 兩面行為 |
| 10 | egregious | /i'gri:dzes/ | 極其惡劣的 | outstandingly bad | atrocious, flagrant | admirable, commendable | e-(出) + greg(群) = 出了群 = 鶴立雞群(負面) |
| 11 | enervate | /'ene:veit/ | 使衰弱 | to cause to feel drained of energy | weaken, debilitate | strengthen, invigorate | e-(出) + nerv(神經) = 神經抽離 |
| 12 | fallacious | /fe'leifes/ | 謬誤的 | based on a mistaken belief | erroneous, flawed | valid, sound | fall(欺騙) + -acious |
| 13 | flagrant | /'fleigrent/ | 明目張膽的 | conspicuously offensive | blatant, egregious | subtle, inconspicuous | flagr(燃燒) = 像火一樣明顯 |
| 14 | heinous | /'heines/ | 十惡不赦的 | utterly odious or wicked | atrocious, abominable | admirable, virtuous | hein(恨) + -ous |
| 15 | hypocritical | /hipe'kritikel/ | 偽善的 | behaving contrary to one's stated beliefs | two-faced, insincere | sincere, genuine | hypo(下面) + crit(判斷) = 檯面下判斷 |
| 16 | ignoble | /ig'noubl/ | 卑鄙的 | not honorable in character | dishonorable, base | noble, honorable | ig-(不) + noble(高貴的) |
| 17 | implacable | /im'plaekebel/ | 難以平息的 | unable to be calmed | relentless, unforgiving | forgiving, placable | im-(不) + plac(安撫) + -able |
| 18 | incorrigible | /in'ko:ridzebel/ | 無可救藥的 | not able to be corrected | irreformable, hopeless | reformable, corrigible | in-(不) + corrig(改正) + -ible |
| 19 | indolent | /'indeelent/ | 懶惰的 | wanting to avoid activity | lazy, slothful | diligent, industrious | in-(不) + dol(悲傷) = 不想動 |
| 20 | iniquitous | /i'nikwites/ | 不公正的 | grossly unfair or immoral | wicked, unjust | fair, righteous | in-(不) + equi(平等) = 不平等 |
| 21 | insidious | /in'sidies/ | 陰險的 | proceeding in a subtle harmful way | stealthy, treacherous | honest, open | in-(內) + sid(坐) = 暗中坐著的 |
| 22 | insufferable | /in'saferebel/ | 令人無法忍受的 | too extreme to bear | unbearable, intolerable | bearable, tolerable | in-(不) + suffer(忍受) + -able |
| 23 | malevolent | /me'levelent/ | 惡意的 | having ill will toward others | malicious, spiteful | benevolent, kind | male-(壞) + vol(意志) = 壞意志 |
| 24 | malicious | /me'lifes/ | 惡意的 | intending to cause harm | spiteful, malevolent | benevolent, kind | malic(壞) + -ious |
| 25 | mendacious | /men'deifes/ | 虛假的 | not telling the truth | lying, dishonest | truthful, honest | mend(缺陷) + -acious |
| 26 | nefarious | /ni'feries/ | 邪惡的 | extremely wicked | villainous, evil | virtuous, good | ne-(不) + far(神聖) + -ious |
| 27 | noxious | /'nakfes/ | 有毒的 | harmful or poisonous | toxic, harmful | beneficial, harmless | nox(毒) + -ious |
| 28 | obdurate | /'a:bdjeret/ | 頑固的 | stubbornly refusing to change | obstinate, inflexible | flexible, yielding | ob-(對抗) + dur(硬) = 對抗而硬 |
| 29 | ominous | /'amines/ | 不祥的 | suggesting something bad will happen | threatening, sinister | promising, favorable | omen(預兆) + -ous |
| 30 | pernicious | /per'nifes/ | 有害的 | causing great harm or damage | destructive, harmful | beneficial, helpful | per-(透過) + nic(殺) = 致命的 |
| 31 | perfidious | /per'fidies/ | 背信的 | deceitful and untrustworthy | treacherous, disloyal | loyal, faithful | per-(穿透) + fid(信任) = 穿透信任 |
| 32 | perverse | /per'v3:rs/ | 執拗的 | showing deliberate defiance | contrary, wayward | compliant, obedient | per-(相反) + vers(轉) = 反轉 |
| 33 | predatory | /'predeto:ri/ | 掠奪性的 | seeking to exploit others | exploitative, rapacious | protective, nurturing | predator(掠食者) + -y |
| 34 | pretentious | /pri'tenJes/ | 自命不凡的 | attempting to impress beyond merit | showy, ostentatious | modest, unassuming | pretend(假裝) + -tious |
| 35 | reprobate | /'reprabeit/ | 墮落的人 | an unprincipled person | scoundrel, rogue | saint, paragon | re-(反) + prob(測試) = 測試不合格 |
| 36 | repugnant | /ri'pagnent/ | 令人厭惡的 | extremely distasteful | repulsive, offensive | attractive, appealing | re-(反) + pugn(打) = 打回去 = 反感 |
| 37 | surreptitious | /s3:rep'tiJes/ | 偷偷摸摸的 | kept secret | stealthy, clandestine | open, overt | sur-(下面) + rept(爬) = 在下面爬行 |
| 38 | vindictive | /vin'diktiv/ | 報復性的 | having a desire for revenge | vengeful, spiteful | forgiving, merciful | vindic(報復) + -ative |
| 39 | virulent | /'virulent/ | 劇毒的 | extremely severe or harmful | poisonous, deadly | mild, benign | viru(毒) + -lent |
| 40 | voluble | /'valjubel/ | 健談的（貶義） | talking fluently but too much | talkative, garrulous | reticent, taciturn | vol(滾) = 話像滾出來一樣 |
Group 5：變化與過程 (Change & Process) — 40個
| # | 單字 | 讀音 | 中文 | 英文定義 | 同義詞 | 反義詞 | 記憶技巧 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ameliorate | /e'mi:liereit/ | 改善 | to make something bad better | improve, enhance | worsen, deteriorate | a-(朝向) + melior(更好) = 使更好 |
| 2 | augment | /o:g'ment/ | 增加 | to make larger in size or quantity | increase, enlarge | decrease, reduce | aug(增加) + -ment |
| 3 | burgeon | /'b3:rdzen/ | 迅速發展 | to begin to grow or increase rapidly | flourish, thrive | decline, wither | burjon（芽）→ 像芽一樣爆發 |
| 4 | catalyze | /'kaetelaiz/ | 催化 | to cause or accelerate a process | trigger, stimulate | hinder, impede | catalysis（催化作用） |
| 5 | coalesce | /koue'les/ | 合併 | to come together to form one whole | merge, unite | separate, divide | co-(共同) + alesc(成長) = 共同成長 |
| 6 | congeal | /ken'dzi:l/ | 凝結 | to become solid or thick | solidify, thicken | melt, liquefy | con-(完全) + geal(凍) = 完全凍結 |
| 7 | consolidate | /ken'salideit/ | 鞏固 | to make something stronger | strengthen, unify | weaken, disperse | con-(共同) + solid(固體) = 使牢固 |
| 8 | constrict | /ken'strikt/ | 收縮 | to make narrower or tighter | tighten, narrow | expand, widen | con-(一起) + strict(拉緊) = 一起拉緊 |
| 9 | curtail | /k3:r'teil/ | 削減 | to reduce in extent or quantity | reduce, cut | extend, enlarge | curt(短) + -ail = 使變短 |
| 10 | deteriorate | /di'tiriereit/ | 惡化 | to become progressively worse | decline, degrade | improve, ameliorate | de-(向下) + terior(更差) = 變更差 |
| 11 | disseminate | /di'semineit/ | 傳播 | to spread widely | broadcast, circulate | suppress, contain | dis-(分散) + semin(種子) = 播種 |
| 12 | diverge | /dai've:rdz/ | 分歧 | to separate and go in different directions | branch, deviate | converge, unite | di-(分開) + verg(傾斜) = 分開傾斜 |
| 13 | elaborate | /i'laebereit/ | 詳細說明 | to develop in detail | expand, detail | simplify, condense | e-(出) + labor(工作) = 投入更多工作 |
| 14 | emanate | /'emeneit/ | 散發 | to issue or spread out from a source | radiate, emit | absorb, contain | e-(出) + man(流) = 流出來 |
| 15 | erode | /i'roud/ | 侵蝕 | to gradually wear away | wear away, corrode | build up, strengthen | e-(出) + rod(啃) = 啃掉 |
| 16 | exacerbate | /ig'zaeserbeit/ | 加劇 | to make a problem worse | worsen, aggravate | improve, alleviate | ex-(出) + acer(尖銳) = 使更尖銳 |
| 17 | exasperate | /ig'za:spereit/ | 激怒 | to irritate intensely | annoy, infuriate | soothe, calm | ex-(出) + asper(粗糙) = 磨出來的怒氣 |
| 18 | fluctuate | /'flaktJueit/ | 波動 | to rise and fall irregularly | oscillate, vary | stabilize, remain | fluct(流動) + -uate |
| 19 | galvanize | /'gaelveenaiz/ | 激勵 | to shock into action | stimulate, motivate | discourage, dampen | Galvani（發現電流的科學家） |
| 20 | germinate | /'d33:mineit/ | 萌芽 | to begin to grow | sprout, develop | wither, die | germ(芽) + -inate |
| 21 | hybridize | /'haibridaiz/ | 雜交 | to produce hybrids | crossbreed, blend | purify, separate | hybrid(混種) + -ize |
| 22 | impede | /im'pi:d/ | 阻礙 | to delay or prevent by obstructing | hinder, obstruct | facilitate, assist | im-(進入) + ped(腳) = 絆腳 |
| 23 | incubate | /'inkjubeit/ | 孵化 | to develop slowly | nurture, develop | abandon, neglect | in-(內) + cub(躺) = 躺在裡面 |
| 24 | metamorphose | mete'mo:fouz/ | 變形 | to change into a different form | transform, transmute | remain, stagnate | meta-(改變) + morph(形狀) |
| 25 | mitigate | /'mitigeit/ | 減輕 | to make less severe | alleviate, reduce | worsen, intensify | miti(溫和) + -gate(做) |
| 26 | mollify | /'malaifai/ | 安撫 | to reduce the anger of | pacify, soothe | provoke, anger | moll(柔軟) + -ify(使) = 使柔軟 |
| 27 | mutate | /mju:'teit/ | 突變 | to change in form or nature | transform, alter | remain, stay | mut(改變) + -ate |
| 28 | obfuscate | /'a:bfeskeit/ | 使困惑 | to make unclear or confused | confuse, muddle | clarify, explain | ob-(對面) + fusc(暗) = 使變暗 |
| 29 | proliferate | /pre'lifereit/ | 激增 | to increase rapidly in number | multiply, spread | decrease, decline | proli(後代) + fer(帶) = 帶來後代 |
| 30 | rectify | /'rektifai/ | 糾正 | to put right; correct | correct, fix | damage, worsen | rect(正確) + -ify(使) = 使正確 |
| 31 | stagnate | /'staegecit/ | 停滯 | to stop developing or growing | stall, decline | flourish, thrive | stagn(站立不動) + -ate |
| 32 | subside | /seb'said/ | 平息 | to become less intense | diminish, decrease | intensify, increase | sub-(向下) + sid(坐) = 坐下去 |
| 33 | supersede | /su:per'si:d/ | 取代 | to take the place of | replace, displace | retain, maintain | super-(上面) + sed(坐) = 坐在上面 |
| 34 | supplant | /se'plaent/ | 取代 | to replace forcefully | replace, oust | retain, keep | sub-(下面) + plant(種植) = 從下面種 |
| 35 | synthesize | /'sinWesaiz/ | 合成 | to combine into a whole | combine, integrate | separate, divide | syn-(共同) + thes(放置) + -ize |
| 36 | transmute | /traenz'mju:t/ | 轉化 | to change from one form to another | transform, convert | preserve, maintain | trans-(跨越) + mut(改變) |
| 37 | truncate | /'trnkeit/ | 截斷 | to shorten by cutting off a part | shorten, cut | extend, lengthen | trunc(切斷) + -ate |
| 38 | undulate | /'Andzuleit/ | 波動 | to move with a wavelike motion | wave, ripple | stay flat, remain | und(波浪) + -ulate |
| 39 | vindicate | /'vindikeit/ | 證明無辜 | to clear of blame or suspicion | exonerate, absolve | condemn, blame | vindic(報復/辯護) + -ate |
| 40 | wane | /wein/ | 衰退 | to decrease gradually | decline, diminish | grow, increase | wane（月虧）→ 逐漸減少 |
七、綜合練習（25題）
Part A：同義詞配對（Synonym Matching）— 題號 1-8
將左欄的單字與右欄正確的同義詞配對。
| 題號 | 單字 | 你的答案 | 選項 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | adamant | ______ | A. treacherous |
| 2 | ephemeral | ______ | B. resolute |
| 3 | malevolent | ______ | C. fleeting |
| 4 | meticulous | ______ | D. malicious |
| 5 | obdurate | ______ | E. diligent |
| 6 | perfidious | ______ | F. stubborn |
| 7 | prolific | ______ | G. productive |
| 8 | assiduous | ______ | H. precise |
Part B：反義詞配對（Antonym Matching）— 題號 9-16
將左欄的單字與右欄正確的反義詞配對。
| 題號 | 單字 | 你的答案 | 選項 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9 | ameliorate | ______ | A. strengthen |
| 10 | benevolent | ______ | B. malevolent |
| 11 | enervate | ______ | C. worsen |
| 12 | meticulous | ______ | D. careful |
| 13 | obstinate | ______ | E. careless |
| 14 | pervious | ______ | F. flexible |
| 15 | taciturn | ______ | G. garrulous |
| 16 | reckless | ______ | H. prudent |
Part C：填空題（Fill-in-the-Blank）— 題號 17-21
從下列單字中選出正確答案填入空格中。
備選單字： exacerbate / vindicate / mitigate / proliferate / coalesce
| 題號 | 題目 |
|---|---|
| 17 | The government took measures to ______ the damage caused by the earthquake. |
| 18 | Despite the criticism, the scientist's research was eventually ______ by further studies. |
| 19 | If we don't address the problem now, it will only ______ over time. |
| 20 | Social media platforms have allowed misinformation to ______ at an alarming rate. |
| 21 | The two companies decided to ______ and form a stronger partnership. |
Part D：句子等價題（Sentence Equivalence）— 題號 22-25
選出兩個能填入空格且使句子意思相同的單字（模擬 GRE Sentence Equivalence 題型）。
| 題號 | 題目 | 選項 |
|---|---|---|
| 22 | The politician's ______ remarks only served to anger the public further. | A. conciliatory B. inflammatory C. indifferent D. provocative E. hesitant F. pragmatic |
| 23 | After years of neglect, the old building had ______ into a state of complete disrepair. | A. flourished B. deteriorated C. improved D. degraded E. stabilized F. thrived |
| 24 | The professor's ______ analysis of the data revealed patterns that no one had noticed before. | A. superficial B. cursory C. perfunctory D. perspicacious E. insightful F. negligent |
| 25 | The CEO's ______ leadership style left employees feeling empowered and motivated. | A. despotic B. tyrannical C. authoritarian D. benevolent E. magnanimous F. indifferent |
八、解答（Answer Key）
Part A：同義詞配對
| 題號 | 答案 |
|---|---|
| 1 | B (adamant = resolute) |
| 2 | C (ephemeral = fleeting) |
| 3 | D (malevolent = malicious) |
| 4 | H (meticulous = precise) |
| 5 | F (obdurate = stubborn) |
| 6 | A (perfidious = treacherous) |
| 7 | G (prolific = productive) |
| 8 | E (assiduous = diligent) |
Part B：反義詞配對
| 題號 | 答案 |
|---|---|
| 9 | C (ameliorate 的反義詞是 worsen) |
| 10 | B (benevolent 的反義詞是 malevolent) |
| 11 | A (enervate 的反義詞是 strengthen) |
| 12 | E (meticulous 的反義詞是 careless) |
| 13 | F (obstinate 的反義詞是 flexible) |
| 14 | (此題 pervious 較少見，正確反義詞應為 impervious) |
| 15 | G (taciturn 的反義詞是 garrulous) |
| 16 | H (reckless 的反義詞是 prudent) |
Part C：填空題
| 題號 | 答案 |
|---|---|
| 17 | mitigate（減輕） |
| 18 | vindicated（證明無辜/證實正確） |
| 19 | exacerbate（加劇） |
| 20 | proliferate（激增） |
| 21 | coalesce（合併） |
Part D：句子等價題
| 題號 | 答案 | 說明 |
|---|---|---|
| 22 | B + D | inflammatory（煽動性的）= provocative（挑釁的） |
| 23 | B + D | deteriorated（惡化）= degraded（退化） |
| 24 | D + E | perspicacious（敏銳的）= insightful（有洞察力的） |
| 25 | D + E | benevolent（仁慈的）= magnanimous（寬宏大量的） |
九、複習計畫（Review Schedule）
GRE 字彙備考策略： GRE Verbal Reasoning 的關鍵是「精確理解詞義」，不是「大概知道」。
- 每個字都要知道同義詞和反義詞
- 注意「看似相似但意思不同」的字（如：fortuitous vs. fortunate）
- 練習 Sentence Equivalence 時，找的是「意思相近的兩個選項」
| 複習次數 | 間隔時間 | 複習重點 | 完成打勾 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 第 1 次 | 學完後 1 天 | Group 1（態度與觀點）40 個字 | □ |
| 第 2 次 | 第 3 天 | Group 2（程度與大小）40 個字 | □ |
| 第 3 次 | 第 5 天 | Group 3（正面特質）40 個字 | □ |
| 第 4 次 | 第 7 天 | Group 4（負面特質）40 個字 | □ |
| 第 5 次 | 第 10 天 | Group 5（變化與過程）40 個字 | □ |
| 第 6 次 | 第 14 天 | 全部 200 字快速複習 + 做練習題 | □ |
| 第 7 次 | 第 21 天 | 針對不熟的字加強記憶 | □ |
| 第 8 次 | 第 30 天 | 模擬測驗，確認長期記憶 | □ |
每日學習建議（14天計畫）
| 學習日 | 學習內容 | 數量 | 時間 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1 | Group 1 前 20 字 | 20 | 45 分鐘 |
| Day 2 | Group 1 後 20 字 | 20 | 45 分鐘 |
| Day 3 | Group 2 前 20 字 | 20 | 45 分鐘 |
| Day 4 | Group 2 後 20 字 | 20 | 45 分鐘 |
| Day 5 | Group 3 前 20 字 | 20 | 45 分鐘 |
| Day 6 | Group 3 後 20 字 | 20 | 45 分鐘 |
| Day 7 | Group 4 前 20 字 | 20 | 45 分鐘 |
| Day 8 | Group 4 後 20 字 | 20 | 45 分鐘 |
| Day 9 | Group 5 前 20 字 | 20 | 45 分鐘 |
| Day 10 | Group 5 後 20 字 | 20 | 45 分鐘 |
| Day 11 | 複習 Group 1 + 2 | 80 | 60 分鐘 |
| Day 12 | 複習 Group 3 + 4 | 80 | 60 分鐘 |
| Day 13 | 複習 Group 5 + 練習題 | 40+ | 60 分鐘 |
| Day 14 | 全部模擬測驗 | 200 | 90 分鐘 |
GRE 字彙不是死記硬背的比賽，而是「理解 + 聯想 + 反覆運用」的過程。每一個 GRE 單字背後都有一個故事——利用字根記憶法，把單字像拼圖一樣組合起來。遇到不認識的字，先用字根猜，再查字典確認。這 200 個核心字彙是 GRE Verbal 的基石，掌握了它們，你就掌握了拿高分的關鍵！
